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To obtain samples that are unbiased, statisticians use four methods of sampling.

Four methods of sampling

Random samples

Random samples are selected by using chance methods or random numbers.

Systematic samples

Systematic samples are obtained by numbering each value in the population and then selecting every kthk^{th} value.

Stratified samples

Stratified samples are selected by dividing the population into groups (strata) according to some characteristic and then taking samples from each group.

Cluster samples

Cluster samples are selected by dividing the population into groups and then taking samples of the groups.